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61.
Hull-less barley is a special food crop rich in various nutrients in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Six-pearling is often used to produce commercial hull-less barley rice in order to improve its rough taste and inferior cooking quality. This study evaluated the differences in the nutritional, cooking, sensory, and storage qualities of hull-less barley rice with different pearling times to obtain suitable processing conditions for the production of high-quality hull-less barley rice. With increasing pearling time, the contents of vitamin B6, vitamin E, dietary fiber, iron, zinc, phenols, and flavonoids significantly decreased to a large extent, protein and vitamin B3 decreased slightly, the contents of total starch and β-glucan increased significantly, and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) initially increased and then decreased. The peak, trough, and final viscosity of whole grain barley were 1 860.50 cP, 914.50 cP, and 2 150.00 cP, respectively, and increased after six-pearling to 4 219.00 cP, 2 628.00 cP, and 5 074.00 cP, respectively. At the same time, the water absorption and volume expansion of the pearled hull-less barley increased significantly. The hardness of pearled hull-less barley reduced from 4 708.50 g to 2 282.00 g, its adhesiveness increased from 0.00 to -7.33, and its taste and sensory quality exhibited better. The activities of α-amylase, polyphenol oxidase, lipase, and catalase in pearled hull-less barley slightly decreased. Hull-less bran flour is rich in a variety of nutritional components and could be a potential resource with great developmental value. In general, hull-less barley rice obtained from three-pearling has high nutritional value, high cooking quality, low enzyme activity, and low energy consumption; therefore, it can be used to produce high-quality barley rice. This study provides important information for high-quality pearled hull-less barley and further utilization of barley bran flour. © 2022 Science Press. All rights reserved. 相似文献
62.
Xiujuan Chen Yunqiu Liu Gordon Huang Chunjiang An Renfei Feng Yao Yao Wendy Huang Shuqing Weng 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(12):153
63.
L. P. Jayatissa S. Hettiarachi F. Dahdouh-Guebas 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2006,8(4):585-595
Kahandamodara and Kalametiya are two estuarine lagoons located within about 12 km distance along the Southern coast of Sri Lanka. According to a socio-economic survey, both lagoons have been moderately to high saline water bodies and the latter was an important center of prawn fishery until the late 1960s. Two irrigation projects upstream (Udawalawe irrigation scheme and Muruthawela Wewa), which came into operation in 1967 and 1968 respectively, increased freshwater inflows to these two lagoons and altered flora, fauna, and water quality, with a decline of lagoon fishery as a result. At the same time, the increase in freshwater favorised the Mangrove Apple Sonneratia caseolaris to expand spontaneously. Following many hectares of vegetation increase of this species, our study focused on recovering the economic loss of fisheries decline by using new ethnobotanic information on this species. We found that the pulp of the fruit of the Mangrove Apple is tasty and can be used to prepare a fruit drink. However, it has not been commercialised, or even practiced widely at homes, due to the fact that numerous small seeds in the fruit release certain phenolic compounds when damaged, giving a bad colour and an astringent taste to the pulp. We developed a method to get the fruit pulp from the Mangrove Apple minimising the addition of phenolic compounds. This fruit pulp was then used to produce ice cream and fruit drinks, and the whole procedure has been patented in Sri Lanka for the favour of the local people. Apparently this is a novel mangrove product reported for the first time in mangrove ethnobotany. In addition, analysis of the fruit pulp of the S. caseolaris for nutritional composition revealed that it is very rich in phosphorus and dietary fiber, indicating that these new products may have an even higher potential as a supplementary food. Its use as a health food and as a commercialised eco-product is expected to bring new gains in spite of the former ecosystem and fishery decrease. It is however not known to which extent these novel ethnobiological/socio-economical uses outbalance functions lost by ecosystem degradation. 相似文献
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66.
超滤法处理回用印钞厂擦版液的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
根据擦版液的特性,选择了适合处理擦版液的单皮层内压式中空纤维超滤膜,对超滤过程中的操作压力、料液温度、料液流速和固含量等工艺参数以及清洗药品和方法进行了研究。结果表明,当进口压力为0.17MPa,膜面流速在2,7m/s左右,循环液温度在40℃左右时,透水速度可达到50—60L(m.h)。操作过程中,只用透过液作简单清洗即可使透水速度得到较好的恢复。只有当透水速度衰减严重时,才在70℃条件下进行化学清洗,而且可以使透水速度得到较为彻底的恢复。化学清洗周期至少在1星期以上。 相似文献
67.
为改善微电极在阳极溶出伏安法检测重金属离子过程中低电流响应和低电催化能力的缺点,提出了一种在碳纤维微电极表面合成还原氧化石墨烯/纳米金材料制得还原氧化石墨烯纳米金修饰碳纤维微电极(rGO/AuNPs CFMEs)的方法.通过SEM表征,所制备的rGO/AuNPs CFMEs具有比表面积高、吸附能力强和催化活性好的特点,因此改性微电极适合作为方波阳极溶出伏安法(SWASV)测定水中铜离子(Cu2+)的工作电极.在构建微传感器测试水中痕量铜离子系统后,对pH值、电导率、富集时间和富集电位等检测条件进行了优化.在pH值为4,电导率为36.1S/m,富集时间为360s,富集电位为-1.2V的最佳条件下,铜的线性范围和检出限分别0~1.0μmol/L和2.4nmol/L.此外,微传感器的可重复性、长期稳定性以及选择性也得到了验证. 相似文献
68.
Liuwei Kong Min Hu Qinwen Tan Miao Feng Yu Qu Junling An Yuanhang Zhang Xingang Liu Nianliang Cheng 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2020,32(1):49-59
To clarify the aerosol hygroscopic growth and optical properties of the Pearl River Delta(PRD)region,integrated observations were conducted in Heshan City of Guangdong Province from October 19 to November 17,2014.The concentrations and chemical compositions of PM_(2.5),aerosol optical properties and meteorological parameters were measured.The mean value of PM_(2.5) increased from less than 35(excellent) to 35-75 μg/m~3(good) and then to greater than 75 μg/m~3(pollution),corresponding to mean PM_(2.5) values of 24.9,51.2,and 93.3 μg/m~3,respectively.The aerosol scattering hygroscopic growth factor(f(RH = 80%)) values were 2.0,2.12,and 2.18 for the excellent,good,and pollution levels,respectively.The atmospheric extinction coefficient(σext)and the absorption coefficient of aerosols(σ_(ap)) increased,and the single scattering albedo(SSA)decreased from the excellent to the pollution levels.For different air mass sources,under excellent and good levels,the land air mass from northern Heshan had lower f(RH) and σ_(sp) values.In addition,the mixed aerosol from the sea and coastal cities had lower f(RH) and showed that the local sources of coastal cities have higher scattering characteristics in pollution periods. 相似文献
69.
目的研究低密度碳/酚醛复合材料在不同地面加热实验测试响应的差异性,指导材料在实际应用环境下的高温响应分析。方法对低密度碳/酚醛复合材料开展了热流为400 kW/m~2的单侧石英灯辐射加热实验,利用热电偶测温系统测量试件在加热过程中不同位置的温度时间历程,并对试件的烧蚀形貌和微观结构进行观测。同时与热流为464k W/m~2的氧乙炔加热陶瓷板辐射加热实验结果进行对比分析,并且采用有限元方法对材料的传热传质多场耦合计算进行分析。结果对于石英灯辐射加热,在测量点升温到接近200℃时,温度响应拐点都依次出现。由于加热的辐射热源不同,在不同的辐射波段下,多孔材料吸收和发射的热量不同,短时间内氧乙炔加热陶瓷板辐射加热使材料内部升温速率比石英灯辐射加热实验的要快,但长时间加热时现象刚好相反。结论进行传热传质多场耦合计算材料高温响应时,合理确定材料宏观性能随温度的变化至关重要。 相似文献
70.
目的研究高温受热条件下纳米复合隔热材料的结构转变特征及热稳定性。方法采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、红外光谱仪及热重仪等检测方法。结果纤维增强气凝胶材料从室温到650℃存在连续的质量损失,从室温到放热前,质量损失为1.66%;365℃开始出现放热,温度升至398℃时达到峰值,整个放热过程对应质量损失约为1.3%;从435℃放热结束开始到650℃的质量损失为1.46%。经过400℃热处理后,试样比表面积从268m~2/g增加到437m~2/g;当试样热处理温度达到600℃时,试样的比表面积明显随之降低至198m~2/g。结论 SiO_2气凝胶复合材料以无定形结构为主,存在少量的二氧化钛晶体。在400℃左右,SiO_2气凝胶结构中硅甲基Si—CH_3发生氧化,产生明显的放热峰,之后硅羟基Si—OH之间发生缩聚反应,使600℃热处理后气凝胶中Si—O—Si网络骨架强度有所提高。未处理的纤维增强气凝胶材料试样上气凝胶纳米颗粒构成的块体较为良好地包裹在玻璃纤维表面,而经过600℃的高温热处理1 h后,块体气凝胶脱离了光滑的纤维表面,气凝胶纳米粒子发生收缩,致使材料比表面积下降。 相似文献